flow-website/content/docs/architecture.smd
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---
.title = "Architecture",
.date = @date("2025-07-06T00:00:00"),
.author = "CJ van den Berg",
.layout = "index.shtml",
.draft = false,
---
This document describes in a general way, concepts that help to
understand how the code is organized and where to look at when starting
to contribute developing Flow Control. Make sure you have read
first [help.md](https://github.com/neurocyte/flow/blob/master/help.md)
and use the editor at least in flow mode. We recommend reading the
[deepwiki description](https://deepwiki.com/neurocyte/flow) and join
[Discord](https://discord.com/invite/4wvteUPphx) to ask from the
simplest.
## Internals
The foundational unit is the `Buffer` that holds the document in memory;
there might be various opened files, each one loaded in a buffer.
A buffer can be ephemeral, meaning, it is not related to a file, that
might be the product of a `Task` run. Buffers are implementations of
ropes that offer multiple services such as insert characters, load from
file, write to file, load from string, return as string, tell if it has
unsaved changes(dirty), among many others. A buffer can have multiple
`Selections` and `Cursors` interacting with it. The `Buffer Manager`
offers services around the set of buffers.
A `Project` initially is the directory where flow is opened at, once
opened, it starts processes to discover the files under the directory
hierarchy, interact with lsp and git. When flow is opened, only one
active project is loaded in the current session. The `Project Manager`
offers services around the set of projects.
## Editor commands and modes
When a buffer is active, it has an `Editor` attached to it; an editor
might have associated tree-sitter support, given the file type detected,
and offers common services that are aimed to be used by `Commands` to
manipulate the contents of a buffer at a higher level, the selections,
cursors and the `View`. The commands are used by `Modes` with
`Keybindings`. The main mode is Flow and the keybindings can be used
to map to a mode built up entirely on solely calling already created
commands. An example of a mode created by command composition is
`Emacs` mode, for instance, it's possible to create a nano mode with
just keybindings. In the other hand, `Vim` and `Helix` modes have
particular definitions for commands that interact with the buffers,
being modal editors.
## Text user interface
`Tui` governs it all offering support for `Palettes` that are known
in other environments as pickers, as well as offering information
through a set of `_views` (i.e. `logview`, `inputview`,
`inspector_view`) and `status` (i.e. `tabs`, `clock`, `branch`,
`linenum`).
## Operating systems and UI
libvaxis is in charge of rendering the text and all the interface in
Linux, MacOS, FreeBSD, while in Windows there is an special GUI.
## Communication between components
[Thespian](https://github.com/neurocyte/thespian) is in charge of
sending messages between different flow components, for example,
when a widget needs updating information from changing states of
internal data and when components or external processes take
time, for example, tree-sitter queries to highlight the current
file, of a particular language, LSPs, git, running a `shell`
command via a `task`.
## Programming languages
There are plenty of programming languages that use tree-sitter via
[flow-syntax](https://github.com/neurocyte/flow-syntax) and whose
language servers and formatters are configured via `file_type_lsp`.
Currently one Language Server is supported for each language.
## Facilities
Logging support offers various levels to give feedback for various
actions that ease developing Flow itself and also are used to offer
feedback via `logview`.
You can find [contributing guidelines](/docs/contributing).